Maintenance of a pneumatic system

MAINTENANCE OF A PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

• Compressors have their own maintenance requirements. Many are belt driven, and require belt condition and tension to be checked at regular intervals.

• Crankcase oil level and the air breather should also be checked.

• The compressor is normally sized for the original capacity plus some reserve for 'future additions. A compressor will thus start life on a low duty cycle, which increases as further loads are added.

• When compressor capacity is reached, the compressor will be on 100% duty cycle. Any additional load results in a fall of system pressure in the receiver.

• Duty cycle of the compressor thus gives a good indication of the health and reserve capabilities of the systems.

• Compressor efficiency is determined largely by the condition of valves, piston rings and similar components subject to friction wear. These should be examined at intervals given in manufacturers' instruction manuals.

• Other common pneumatic maintenance checks are validation of safety valve operation on the receiver, replenishment of oil in the air lubrication and drainage of water from air dryers.

• System pressure should be recorded and checked against design values. Deviations can indicate maladjustment or potential faults.

• Too high a pressure setting wastes energy and shortens operational life. Too low a pressure setting below that needed by actuators, leading to inefficient or no movement. 

• Filters are of prime importance in pneumatic systems. Obviously filters should be changed before they become blocked. Inlet air filters on pneumatic systems also need regular cleaning and record should be kept of filter changes.

• Seals and bushing in cylinders, for example, require regular checking and replacement if damaged.