16 Marks Questions

Anna University

Part – B

‘16’ Marks Questions 

1. For atomic transitions, derive Einstein relations and hence deduce the expressions for the ratio of spontaneous emission rate to be stimulated emission rate.

2. Explain the construction and working of Nd - YAG laser with neat diagram. 

3. Explain the modes of vibrations of CO2, molecule. Describe the construction and working of CO2 laser with necessary diagrams.

4. Explain the lasing schemes and working of a Nd:YAG laser.

5. Describe the construction and working of CO2 laser

6. (a) Explain the modes of vibrations of CO2 molecule.

Describe the construction and working of CO2 laser with necessary diagrams. 

(b) Classify lasers based on active medium with one example for each

7. Describe the construction and working of CO2 laser. What are the engineering applications of lasers?

8. (a) What is molecular gas laser? With neat sketch, explain the construction and working of CO2 laser using energy level diagram.

(b) List out the applications of laser beam in industries and in medical field.

9. (i) With a neat diagram, explain the construction and working of a CO2 laser.

(ii) Outline the use of lasers in heat treatment.

10. Describe the construction and working of semiconductor laser.

11. With suitable diagram explain how laser action is achieved in homojunction Ga-As laser.

12. Explain the principle, construction and working of a semiconductor diode laser with necessary diagrams.

13. What are the different pumping mechanisms used in lasers? Give an example for each?

14. Discuss the applications of Lasers in industry.