Two Marks questions and answers

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. Define fluid power.

Fluid power may be defined as the technology that deals with the generation, control, and transmission of power using pressurized fluids.

2. Why fluid power system is called muscle of the industry?

The fluid power system is considered as the muscle of automation because it can perform various activities associated with automation such as remote and direct control of production operations, manufacturing processes, and materials handling.

3. Distinguish between fluid transport and fluid power systems.

• The objective of the fluid transport systems is to transport/deliver fluids from one place to another place to achieve some useful purpose.

• The fluid power systems use pressurized fluids to produce some useful mechanical movements to accomplish the desired work.

4. Name three basic methods of transmitting power.

1. Electrical power transmission,

2. Mechanical power transmission, and

3. Fluid power transmission,

(a) Hydraulic power transmission, and

(b) Pneumatic power transmission.

5. Under what situations, electrical, mechanical, and fluid power transmissions are suitable?

• Electrical power transmissions are suitable for power transmission over long distances.

• Mechanical power transmissions are suitable for the transmission of motion and force over relatively short distances.

• Fluid power transmissions are suitable for power transmission over intermediate distances.

6. What is the fundamental difference between hydraulics and pneumatics?

The hydraulic system employs pressurised liquid (such as oil) as the fluid medium whereas the pneumatic system employs compressed air.

7. List any four advantages of using the fluid power.

1. Ease and accuracy of control.

2. Multiplication of force.

3. Constant force or torque.

4. Simplicity, safety, and economy.

8. Name any four drawbacks of fluid power systems.

1. Hydraulic fluid leakage poses many problems to the operations as well as operators. 

2. Flammable hydraulic fluids may pose fire hazards thus limiting the upper level of working temperature.

3. Hydraulic elements require special treatments to protect them against rust, corrosion, dirt, etc. Otherwise the contaminated elements may impair the system operation.

4. Hydraulic fluids may pose problems if it disintegrates due to ageing and chemical deterioration.

9. List any four applications of fluid power in the manufacturing industry.

1. Hydraulic presses,

2. Pneumatic hand tools,

3. Hydraulic and pneumatic fixtures, and

4. Pneumatic driven automatic indexing machine.

10. List the applications of fluid power in agriculture and aviation industries.

11. What are the two main types of fluid power systems?

1. Hydraulic power systems, and

2. Pneumatic power systems.

12. Why are hydraulic systems preferred for heavy work than the pneumatic systems? 

The hydraulic power systems can generate and transmit large torques and forces with high pressures to any part of a machine. That's why they are preferred for heavy work. 

13. Under what conditions pneumatic systems are preferred?

Pneumatic systems are preferred for low load and low power applications. 

14. In comparison with hydraulic systems, why are pneumatic systems are suitable only for low load and low power applications?

Since pneumatic pressures are quite low due to the compressor design, the pneumatic systems are suitable only for low load and low power applications.

15. What is it not possible to obtain a precise actuator control in pneumatic systems?

Due to a high compressibility of air, it is impossible to obtain a precise actuator control in pneumatic systems.

16. What are the major components of a hydraulic system ?

The six basic components of a hydraulic system are:

1. Reservoir (or tank),

2. Pump,

3. Prime mover,

4. Valves,

5. Actuator, and

6. Fluid-transfer piping.

17. List the basic components of a pneumatic system.

1. Reservoir (or air tank),

2. Compressor,

3. Prime mover,

4. Valves,

5. Actuator, and

6. Fluid-transfer piping.

18. Give any two differences between hydraulic power and pneumatic power. (or) Compare hydraulic and pneumatic drives for automation.

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REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. (a) Distinguish between fluid transport and fluid power systems.

(b) Briefly explain three basic methods of transmitting power. 

(c) What are the basic elements of fluid power system?

2. List down the advantages of fluid power systems.

[Ans. Refer Section 1.5]

3. List out the applications of fluid power employed in different industries/fields. [Ans. Refer Section 1.6]

4. Write the advantages and applications of fluid power with respect to machine tool applications. 

[Ans. Refer Sections 1.5 and 1.6]

5. Explain the various types of fluid power system.

 [Ans. Refer Sections 1.7 & 1.8] 

6. With neat sketch explain the hydraulic and pneumatic fluid power systems.

 [Ans. Refer Sections 1.7 & 1.8]

7. What are the basic components that are required for a hydraulic system? Explain their functions.

[Ans. Refer Section 1.7.2]

8. List out the advantages and disadvantages of hydraulic power system.

 [Ans. Refer Section 1.7.5 and 1.7.6]

9. With a layout, explain the basic components of a pneumatic system. Also give their functions. 

[Ans. Refer Section 1.8.2]

10. Compare and contrast hydraulic, pneumatic and electromechanical power systems.

 [Ans. Refer Section 1.9]