Essay Answer Type Questions

ESSAY ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

On Ferrous Materials

1. (a) Give the classifications of steels.

(b) Describe the properties and typical applications of low-, medium-, and high-carbon steels.

(c) What is an alloy steel? How are alloy steels classified? Explain them.

2. Summarise the effects of the following elements as alloying additions to steels:

(i) Manganese,

(iii) Chromium,

(v) Vanadium,

(vii) Tungsten.

(ii) Silicon,

(iv) Molybdenum,

(vi) Titanium, and

3. (a) What are the main classifications of stainless steels? (b) Discuss the different types of stainless steel, making reference to approximate compositions, structures, heattreatments.

(c) Give typical applications for each of the main categories of stainless steel.

4. Write an engineering brief about the following steels:

(a) Tool steels,

(b) HSLA steels, and

(c) Maraging steels.

5. (a) Explain the principle characteristics of cast iron and explain the factors which affect the structure of cast iron.

(b) Describe the structures of the main types of cast irons and account for their continued use as engineering materials. (c) Compare grey and malleable cast irons with respect to (i) composition and heat treatment, (ii) microstructure, and (iii) mechanical characteristics.

(d) Compare white and nodular cast irons with respect to (i) composition and heat treatment, (ii) microstructure, and (iii) mechanical characteristics.

6. Alloying additions may be made to cast irons to produce corrosion-resistant irons, heat-resistant irons, and high-strength irons. What are the principal additions made for these properties and in what ways are properties affected?

On Non-Ferrous Materials

7. Discuss the composition, properties, and typical applications of any four copper alloys.

8. Explain the composition, properties, and typical applications of some aluminium alloys.

9. (a) What is meant by age hardening? Explain the process of precipitation strengthening treatment for the Al - 4% Cu alloy system.

(b) Explain the effects of ageing temperature and time on the properties of the alloys.

10. (a) What are the necessary metallurgical characteristics required in a good bearing metal?